Electrophysiological Correlates of Dynamic Cycling in Parkinson's Disease

ObjectivePhysical exercise like dynamic cycling has shown promise in enhancing motor function in Parkinsons disease (PD). We examined the underlying mechanisms of dynamic cycling in PD, emphasizing its impact on the activity of the subthalamic nucleus (STN), a pivotal region within the basal ganglia. MethodsThe investigation involved 100 dynamic cycling sessions conducted among nine PD individuals. Each participant underwent a maximum of 12 sessions over a four-week period. Local field potentials (LFPs) originating from the STN were recorded before and after cycling, utilizing DBS electrodes positioned within the nucleus. We evaluated both immediate and sustained impacts of dynamic cycling on LFP. The periodic LFP activity was assessed by determining the dominant spectral frequency and the power associated with that frequency. Aperiodic LFP activity was analyzed by calculating the 1/f exponent of the power spectrum. ResultsImmediate and sustained effects of dynamic cycling on LFPs were evaluated. While immediate changes were insignificant, long-term effects showed an increasing trend in power and the 1/f exponent of the power spectrum, a measure of fluctuation in the signal, in the dorsolateral region of the STN. Ventral region of the STN did not show a significant response to the exercise intervention. ConclusionThese results highlight the impact of dynamic cycling on STN neuronal activity in PD. Prolonged interventions, even without immediate changes, bring about significant modifications, emphasizing the role of extended exercise in PD management and neuroplasticity. SignificanceThese results highlight the impact of dynamic cycling showing changing in the STN neurophysiology in PD. HighlightsO_LILong-term exercise intervention affects the dorsal STN, without any immediate change, while the ventral STN shows no response. C_LIO_LIAperiodic exponent increases with exercise, mimicking the effect of dopamine C_LIO_LIPeriodic power also increases, behaving oppositely to its response to dopamine medication. C_LI