Effects of Active and Passive Distraction Methods on Children's Pain, Fear and Anxiety

Background: It is important that reduce children\'s pain, fear, and anxiety during the invasive procedures for building effective communication with children and their parents. Knowing the effective methods will be helpful to use in the pediatric clinical. Objective: This study aimed to determine the effects of watching cartoons, a passive distraction method and playing video games, an active distraction method, on the pain, fear and anxiety of 3- to 7-year-old children before, during and after invasive procedures. Design: A randomized controlled clinical trial Setting(s): General pediatric service of a training and research hospital in Istanbul Participants: The study sample included 105 children who were 3- to 7-years-old inpatients. The children were randomly assigned to the control (n=35), cartoon (n=35) and video game (n=35) groups. Methods: The data were collected using an introductory information form, the Oucher Pain Scale, the Children\'s State Anxiety Scale, and the Children\'s Fear Scale between November 26, 2019 and January 8, 2020. Data analysis was performed with SPSS software using the chi-squared test, and one-way and repeated measures ANOVA.