Restoration of Microbiota in Neonates

The primary outcome is to examine if exposure to the maternal vaginal and fecal microbiota directly after birth will halfen the cumulative incidence of Immunoglubulin E (IgE)‐associated allergic disease at 2 years of age in CS delivered infants, compared with non‐treated CS‐delivered infants. The secondary outcomes are to compare the community structure of microbes from mothers and their infants and immunological programming of infants delivered via scheduled CS, with or without exposure to the maternal vaginal and fecal microbiota, from birth until two years of age. The primary and secondary outcomes will also be compared with a reference group of vaginally delivered infants. Sex differences in the incidence and prevalence of allergic diseases have been described. The anticipated benefit of the intervention can be implemented in clinical practice regardless of sex, so that improved conditions for good health are created.