[Effect of vitamin D levels on tension headache characteristics: a systematic review].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relationship between vitamin D levels and the frequency and intensity of tension headaches, as well as the therapeutic effectiveness of vitamin D. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A systematic review of the literature was conducted, including observational and interventional studies on the relationship between vitamin D levels and tension headache characteristics. The review included 8 studies selected from PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, eLibrary, and Europe PMC databases that met the inclusion criteria. The study design, clinical parameters of pain, vitamin D levels, and the effect of therapy were assessed. RESULTS: Vitamin D deficiency is associated with a higher incidence and longer duration of headache episodes, but not with increased intensity. Several studies found a significant negative correlation between vitamin D levels and headache frequency or duration. Interventional studies confirmed the clinical benefit of vitamin D therapy in patients with hypovitaminosis. CONCLUSION: There is strong evidence linking vitamin D deficiency to a more severe course of tension headaches. Assessing and correcting vitamin D levels may be important in comprehensive treatment. However, further randomized controlled trials are needed to confirm causality and establish standardized therapeutic strategies.