Comparison of clinical outcomes of various treatment regimens as induction and maintenance therapy for lupus nephritis

INTERVENTION: moderate dose of intravenous cyclophosphamide (500‐700mg/body/month) as induction therapy, tacrolimus(1‐3mg/day) as maintenance therapy moderate dose of intravenous cyclophosphamide (500‐700mg/body/month) as induction therapy, azathioprine(1‐3mg/kg/day) as maintenance therapy low dose of intravenous cyclophosphamide (300mg/m2/month) and apheresis as induction therapy, tacrolimus(1‐3mg/day)as maintenance therapy low dose of intravenous cyclophosphamide (300mg/m2/month) and apheresis as induction therapy, azathioprine(1‐3mg/kg/day)as maintenance therapy multi‐target therapy: tacrolimus(1‐3mg/day), azathioprine(1‐3mg/kg/day) as induction therapy, tacrolimus(1‐3mg/day) as maintenance therapy multi‐target therapy: tacrolimus(1‐3mg/day), azathioprine(1‐3mg/kg/day) as induction therapy, azathioprine(1‐3mg/kg/day) as maintenance therapy CONDITION: lupus nephritis PRIMARY OUTCOME: renal remission rate SECONDARY OUTCOME: relapse rate; duration to remission; duration to relapse INCLUSION CRITERIA: patient of active lupus nephritis