Effect of supplementation with antioxidant minerals in patients with atherosclerosis treated with statins

The aim of this randomized double-blind study was to evaluate the effect of oral zinc and selenium supplementation, concomitant with rosuvastatin treatment, on markers of oxidative stress and inflammation, as well as the status of zinc and selenium in adult patients with atherosclerosis and stable angina. The study included 47 men and 29 women, average age around 60 years, with coronary atherosclerosis diagnosed by angiography at the Hemodynamic Service at Natal Hospital Center - Natal / RN. The project was approved by the Ethics Committee of UFRN and FCF-USP. Data from patients were obtained at beggining and after four months of treatment with 10 mg rosuvastatin, concomitantly with zinc (30mg/d) and selenium (150µg/d) supplementation or placebo. The anthropometric and dietary data, zinc and selenium concentrations in plasma and erythrocyte, lipid profile, electronegative LDL (LDL(-)), anti- electronegative LDL, Ac-LDL(-) immune complexes, GPx and SOD activities, IL-6 and hs-CRP were evaluated in all patients. Most patients were former smokers with arterial hypertension, high rate of overweight/obesity and increased waist circumference. The diets contained low-calorie, hyperproteic, normoglycidic, low-fat and fiber content and inadequate intake of zinc and selenium. The status of zinc and selenium in plasma and erythrocytes was not changed significantly in the supplemented and placebo groups between the two moments of the study. Rosuvastatin therapy was effective in reducing total cholesterol, LDL, non-HDL cholesterol, triglycerides and hs-CRP level, regardless of supplementation with the minerals zinc and selenium. The concentrations of LDL (-), anti- LDL (-), immune complexes, IL-6 and the activities of SOD and GPx were not modified by zinc and selenium supplementation associated with rosuvastatin. In conclusion, the treatment with 10 mg rosuvastatin for 4 months did not change either the status of zinc and selenium or the biomarkers evaluated in this study. Zinc and selenium supplementation did not affect oxidative stress and inflammation biomarkers. Additional studies are needed to evaluate the need for antioxidant minerals supplementation in patients with atherosclerosis, mainly to investigate other doses, duration of supplementation and bioavailability of the chemical form of the prescribed minerals.