Effect of web-based education on NIV-related side effects and insomnia severity in COPD patients using home NIV: a randomized controlled trial

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of web-based education on NIV-related side effects and insomnia severity in COPD patients using home noninvasive ventilation (NIV). Methods: This randomized controlled trial was conducted with 75 patients between October 2023 and May 2024. Data were collected using the S³-NIV Questionnaire and the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI). The intervention group received web-based education regarding NIV-related side effects and insomnia management. Independent samples t-tests were used to compare numerical descriptive characteristics between groups, while Pearson chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests were used for categorical variables. Repeated-measures ANOVA was performed to evaluate changes over time and between groups. Results: Compared with the control group, the intervention group demonstrated significantly higher total S³-NIV Questionnaire scores and higher respiration, sleep, and side-effect subscale scores at weeks 4 and 8. Significant group × time interaction effects were observed for total S³-NIV scores (p < 0.001, η²p = 0.753) and ISI scores (p < 0.001, η²p = 0.352). For insomnia severity, no significant between-group difference in ISI scores was observed at Week 4, whereas ISI scores were significantly lower in the intervention group at Week 8. Conclusion: Web-based education may help improve patient-reported NIV-related symptoms and reduce insomnia severity in patients with COPD using home NIV. These findings suggest that web-based educational interventions may support symptom management and patient adaptation in clinical practice. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2026.