Association between different drinks consumption and risk of inflammatory bowel disease: a dose-response meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVE: To systematically review and synthesize the evidence between consumption of different drinks in daily life and the risk of Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). METHODS: We systematically searched PubMed, Web of Science, SinoMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Wiley, CNKI, and Wanfang Database for case-control, cohort, and cross-sectional studies investigating the relationship between beverage intake and IBD. A random-effects model was used for the meta-analysis. RESULTS: A total of 27 articles from 16 regions were included. The meta-analysis showed that soft beverage intake was associated with an increased risk of IBD (OR = 1.144, 95% CI: 1.052-1.243, p = 0.002). In contrast, alcohol intake (OR = 0.793, 95% CI: 0.629-0.999, p = 0.049), coffee intake (OR = 0.807, 95% CI: 0.667-0.976, p = 0.027), and tea intake (OR = 0.711, 95% CI: 0.522-0.970, p = 0.031) were associated with a reduced risk of IBD. Dose-response analysis revealed a linear inverse correlation between alcohol (linear trend p = 0.011) and coffee (linear trend p < 0.001) consumption and IBD risk. For tea consumption a significant nonlinear relationship and a downward trend was found between tea consumption frequency (times/week) and IBD risk (nonlinear trend p < 0.001). The risk of IBD showed a slow upward trend within the range of 1.200 to 6.000 times per week. CONCLUSION: Soft beverage consumption is associated with the risk of IBD. Current evidence suggests that higher intake of coffee, alcohol, and tea is associated with a reduced risk of IBD; however, further prospective studies are needed to confirm these findings, given the limited number of studies for certain beverages, highly heterogeneity, and the predominance of case-control designs in the current literature. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTATION: https://inplasy.com/, identifier INPLASY (registration number INPLASY2025120094).