The effect of cannabidiol (CBD) on exercise physiology and bioenergetics

INTERVENTION: Oral Cannabidiol in Medium Chain Triglyceride Oil (Schedule 4 Drug); 300 mg (single dose) All trials will be separated by a washout period of at least 7 days. As this is an ‘acute dosing’ trial (i.e. using a single dose of CBD per research session); compliance does not need to be monitored. CONDITION: Metabolic and Endocrine ‐ Metabolic disorders Metabolic Disorders; ; Metabolic Disorders PRIMARY OUTCOME: Oxygen utilisation (VO2) during submaximal intensity exercise ( 75%HRmax) while the subject is on a treadmill using a metabolic cart[90‐150 min post‐drug administration] SECONDARY OUTCOME: Aerobic capacity (VO2max) while subject is on a treadmill using a metabolic cart. ; [ 200 min post‐drug administration.] Affective valence (pleasure–displeasure) on the Feelings Scale (FS) ; [110‐, 130‐, 150‐ and 180‐200 post‐drug administration.] Blood glucose concentrations while subject is on a treadmill using a blood glucose monitor[ 110‐, 130‐, 150‐ and 200 min post‐drug administration.] Blood lactate concentrations while the subject is on a treadmill using a blood glucose monitor[ 110‐, 130‐, 150‐, 200 min post‐drug administration.] Heart rate as measured with an upper arm blood pressure monitor (baseline, 75‐, 150 and 260 min post‐drug administration) while the subject is at rest and an exercising chest strap heart monitor (110‐, 130‐, 150‐ and 180‐200 min post‐drug administration) while the subject is exercising on a treadmill ; [Baseline, 75‐ 110‐, 130‐, 150‐, 180‐200 and 260 min post‐drug administration] Plasma cannabinoid concentrations ; [Baseline, 75‐, 150‐, 200 and 260 min post‐drug administration.] Plasma concentrations of CK[Baseline, 150‐ and 200‐ and 260 min post‐drug administration.] Plasma concentrations of Claudin‐3[Baseline, 150‐, 200‐and 260 min post‐drug administration.] Plasma concentrations of IL‐1ß[Baseline, 150‐, 200‐and 260 min post‐drug administration.] Plasma concentrations of IL‐6.[Baseline, 150‐, 200‐and 260 min post‐drug administration.] Plasma concentrations of LPS [Baseline, 150‐, 200‐and 260 min post‐drug administration.] Plasma concentrations of Mb ; [Baseline, 150‐, 200‐and 260 min post‐drug administration.] Plasma endocannabinoid concentrations[Baseline, 75‐, 150‐, 200 and 260‐min post‐drug administration.] Plasma TNF‐a concentrations[Baseline, 150‐, 200‐and 260 min post‐drug administration.] Rating of perceived exertion (RPE) on the Borg scale [110‐, 130‐, 150‐ and 180‐200 post‐drug administration.] Score on the Profile of Mood States (POMS) ; [Baseline, 75‐, 150 200 and 260 min post‐drug administration.] Score on the Spielberger 6‐item State‐Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI‐Y) [Baseline, 75‐, 150‐, 200 and 260‐min post‐drug administration.] Subjective ratings of gastrointestinal (GI ) comfort on GI Comfort Visual Analog Scales (VASs) [Baseline, 75‐, 150‐, 200 and 260 min post‐drug administration. ; ] Subjective ratings of muscle soreness as assessed on a scale of 0–10, where 0 represents “not at all” and 10 represents “extremely” ; [On waking the morning following each experimental trial.] Subjective ratings of sleep quality assessed on a scale of –5 to +5, where –5 represents “very poor”, 0 represent “fair” and +5 represents “very good”[On waking the morning following each experimental trial.] Time to fatigue during an incremental exercise test (approaching maximal intensity) while subject is on a treadmill as measured with a stopwatch[180‐200 min post‐drug administration] INCLUSION CRITERIA: a) greater than or equal to 18 and less than or equal to 45 years of age; (c) No reported use of cannabis or cannabinoids within the past 3 months; to be confirmed by a negative urine drug screen (UDS) at the medical screening; and (b) Endurance‐trained individuals; i.e. who have run an average of greater than or equal to 40 km·wk‐1 for the last month (or more) and can sustain moderate intensity running exercise for >60‐minutes; (d) Proficient in English (i.e. must not require an English translator).