Epidemiological profile of dengue cases in the city of Jacareí, SP, from 2014 to 2020

Throughout the study, 5329 cases of dengue were recorded. The most epidemic year was 2015, with 3958 reported cases of the disease, representing an incidence rate of 1747 per 100,000 inhabitants. The research theme revolves around delineating the epidemiological profile of dengue cases in the municipality of Jacareí, SP, from 2014 to 2020, considering that the first autochthonous case of dengue occurred in the city in 2002. Dengue is an arbovirus caused by a virus from the Flaviviridae Family, primarily transmitted by the Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti mosquito (Linnaeus, 1762), a species adapted to the anthropophilic environment, also responsible for transmitting zika, chikungunya, and urban yellow fever. This study aims to present the epidemiological profile, spatial distribution of cases, and disease risk stratification. Data on the disease were extracted from the SINAN (Information System for Notifiable Diseases) and entomological research results were obtained from the SISA WEB (State Information System on Entomological Research Activity and Mosquito Control). In addition to the mentioned databases, population data and cartography from IBGE (Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics) were considered, along with the available classification in the Paulista Social Vulnerability Index (IPVS) by Fundação Seade. The study revealed an uneven distribution of cases in the city, with a higher concentration in regions with greater social vulnerability. There was a predominance of cases in females, and the most reported symptoms in notifications were fever, myalgia, headache, nausea, arthralgia, and retro-orbital pain. Approximately 70% of the cases occurred among individuals aged 15 to 54 years. Spatial analysis indicated that stratifying risk by census tracts is the best way to analyze the epidemiological situation in the city and that the presence of Strategic Points is one of the factors influencing the occurrence of dengue cases.