Identification of independent risk factors and prevention for fentanyl-induced cough

INTERVENTION: Group A:patients in Group LD received lidocaine 0.5mg/kg 1 min prior to fentanyl bolus (3 ug/kg injected within 5s);Group E:patients in Group E received ephedrine 5mg/kg 1 min prior to fentanyl bolus (3 ug/kg injected within 5s);Group F:Group FF (0.3 ug /3min) received fentanyl 0.3 ug/kg 3 min prior to fentanyl bolus (3 ug/kg injected within 5s);Group C:Group FF (0.5 ug /4min) received fentanyl 0.5 ug/kg 4 min prior to fentanyl bolus (3 ug/kg injected within 5s);Control group:patients in Group NS (n=126)received normal saline 2 mL 1 min prior to fentanyl bolus (3 ug/kg injected within 5s);Group G:Group FF(0.5 ug /3min) received fentanyl 0.5 ug/kg 3 min prior to fentanyl bolus(3 ug/kg injected within 5s);Group D:Group FF(0.5 ug /2min) received fentanyl 0.5 ug/kg 2 min prior to fentanyl bolus(3 ug/kg injected within 5s);group B:patients in Group P received propofol 0.5mg/kg 1 min prior to fentanyl bolus(3 ug/kg injected within 5s); CONDITION: fentanyl‐induced cough PRIMARY OUTCOME: Incidence and Severity of Cough After Fentanyl Injection;Cause cough choke possible factors; INCLUSION CRITERIA: 1. Aged between 18 and 65 years and no restriction on the gender; 2. ASA physical status I III, without preoperative administration, and scheduled for elective surgery.