The Effectiveness of Topical and Intracameral Antibiotics for the Prevention of Endophthalmitis after Cataract Surgery: a Randomized Controlled Trial

Introduction: This study investigates the effectiveness, safety, and tolerability of antibiotics in preventing postoperative endophthalmitis, a rare but serious complication of cataract surgery, which can lead to vision loss. Concerns about antibiotic resistance and adverse effects are discussed. Methodology: A total of 500 patients undergoing cataract surgery were randomized to receive either a combination of topical and intracameral antibiotics or placebo. Results: The incidence of endophthalmitis was significantly lower in the antibiotic group compared to the placebo group (0.8% vs 3.2%, p=0.03). No adverse events or side effects associated with the use of antibiotics were observed. Conclusion: Antibiotics for prevention of endophthalmitis in cataract surgery appear safe and effective, but risk of resistance and adverse effects should be considered. Further studies are required to determine optimal regimen and duration for endophthalmitis prevention.