The Effects of Light-Targeted Balance Training on Balance, Functional Performance, and Fear of Falling in Individuals With a History of Falls

Inclusion Criteria 1. Having experienced at least one fall within the previous 12 months. 2. Being 18 years of age or older. 3. Being able to walk independently or with the assistance of a walking aid. 4. Being able to understand and follow verbal and visual instructions. 5. Providing voluntary consent to participate in the study and signing the informedconsent form.Exclusion Criteria 1. Presence of an acute orthopedic injury or an active musculoskeletal conditioncausing pain. 2. Having undergone lower extremity surgery within the previous 6 months. 3. Having advanced neurological disorders (e.g., advanced Parkinson's disease, advanceddementia). 4. Having severe vestibular dysfunction or significant visual impairment. 5. Having a cardiovascular condition that contraindicates exercise. 6. Having advanced systemic diseases that significantly impair balance.