Electrospun Hyaluronic Acid–PVA Nanofibers Co-Loaded with Curcumin and Micrococcus luteus Postbiotic for Antimicrobial and Controlled Release Wound Therapy

The development of multifunctional wound dressings that combine antimicrobial protection with controlled drug release remains a major challenge in regenerative medicine. In this study, hybrid electrospun nanofibers composed of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and hyaluronic acid (HA) incorporating curcumin were fabricated and thermally crosslinked to enhance structural stability. Curcumin and a postbiotic derived from Micrococcus luteus were co-loaded to achieve simultaneous antimicrobial functionality. The PVA/HA/Curcumin postbiotic loaded nanofibers was characterized physiochemically and evaluation was followed by biological and antimicrobial tests. The optimized PVA/HA/curcumin/supernatant nanofibers exhibited a uniform morphology with an average diameter of 245 ± 19 nm and a biphasic curcumin release extending over 24 h. Kinetic modeling using Korsmeyer-Peppas equations revealed a Fickian diffusion-controlled release mechanism through the hydrated polymer matrix. The fibers demonstrated balanced degradation and swelling behavior, along with excellent hemocompatibility. Remarkably, the dual-loaded nanofibers achieved a 99.99% reduction in Pseudomonas aeruginosa colony-forming units and retained antimicrobial activity against P. aeruginosa after one month of storage at 4 °C. Overall, these dual-functional nanofibers integrate phytochemical and postbiotic with diffusion-governed drug delivery, providing a robust antibiotic-free platform for advanced wound therapy.