how best to treat insomnia:comparing cognitive therapy with mindfulness

INTERVENTION: Mindfulness Therapy (MT): 4 x 1 hour per week for 4 weeks delivered in an urban medical practise by registered psychologists. In session meditations included practising observing without judging experiences, focusing on the breath, focusing on the senses in the here and now. Participants were also encouragedto listen to Mindfulness Meditation CDs 6 days out of 7 (including Body Scan meditation and Sitting meditation). Cognitive Therapy (CBT): 4 x 1 hour per week for 4 weeks delivered in an urban medical practise by registered psychologists. The intervention includes explaining to patients how cognition mediate poor sleep and tailored behavioural experiments to demonstrate how changing these ideas improves sleep . Each participant received either MT or CBT in a one‐to‐one format. there were no formal assessment of checking homework assignments for either CBT or MT CONDITION: insomnia PRIMARY OUTCOME: Insomnia Severity Index SECONDARY OUTCOME: A Philips Actiwatch was worn on the non dominant wrist for 7 days (continuous wearing other than showering/swimming), measuring Wake After Sleep Onset A Philips Actiwatch was worn on the non dominant wrist for 7 days (continuous wearing other than showering/swimming). Measure Number Awakenings A Philips Actiwatch was worn on the non dominant wrist for 7 days (continuous wearing other than showering/swimming). Outcomes measure: Sleep Onset Latency A Philips Actiwatch was worn on the non dominant wrist for 7 days (continuous wearing other than showering/swimming).. Outcomes measure: Total Sleep Time Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index sleep log number of nocturnal awakenings sleep log sleep onset latency sleep log total sleep time, sleep log wake time after sleep onset for each night of sleep INCLUSION CRITERIA: (i) 18–65 years of age; (ii) complaint of difficulty initiating or maintaining sleep for at least 6 months; (iii) mean sleep onset latency or minutes awake after sleep for longer than 30 min for at least three nights per week as assessed by 1‐week sleep diary; (iv) interference in daytime functioning; (v) total sleep time on sleep diary under 6.5 h for more than three nights out of every seven; and (vi) taking no medication to assist sleep or be taking a stable dose of medication (stable for 1 month).