Cognitive Stimulation for Long-Term Cognitive Health

The concept of cognitive reserve has been used to explain interindividual differences in the brain's ability to maintain normal cognitive function despite age and disease-related changes. Factors such as education, enriched environment, and leisure activities serve as proxies for cognitive reserve. Consistent findings from both cohort and Mendelian randomization studies show a decreased risk of Alzheimer disease with higher educational attainment, suggesting a potential protective effect of cognitive reserve established through childhood exposure to cognitive stimulation.1