A Creation of Aquatic Exercise with Muay Thai for Elderly Person

INTERVENTION: Aquatic Muay Thai Exercise (AMTE),Control Group (Usual Activity) Experimental Behavioral,No Intervention No treatment The Aquatic Muay Thai Exercise (AMTE) program is a structured exercise intervention designed for older adults. The program incorporates fundamental Muay Thai movements adapted for water‐based exercise, including punching, kicking, knee strikes, and elbow movements, performed in chest‐deep water to reduce joint impact and enhance safety. Each session lasts 45 minutes, consisting of a 10‐minute warm‐up, 30‐minute main exercise phase, and 5‐minute cool‐down. The intervention is conducted three times per week for a total duration of 8 weeks. Exercise intensity is maintained at a moderate level, monitored using the Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE) scale. The program aims to improve physical fitness, blood biomarkers, and overall health outcomes in older adults. ,Participants in the control group were instructed to maintain their usual daily activities and did not receive any structured exercise intervention during the study period. CONDITION: Aquatic Exercise, Muay Thai, Elderly, Physical fitness, Blood biomarkers, Quality of life Prevention and improvement of age‐related decline in physical fitness and adverse blood biomarkers associated with metabolic and cardiovascular risk, as well as psychological and functional problems including fear of falling, depression, poor sleep quality, and reduced quality of life among older adults. ; Aquatic Exercise, Muay Thai, Elderly, Physical fitness, Blood biomarkers, Quality of life PRIMARY OUTCOME: physical fitness, blood biomarkers Baseline and post‐intervention (8 weeks) Assessed using the Senior Fitness Test, including measures of muscular strength (handgrip strength and leg press), balance (stability test), and aerobic capacity (VO2max or 6‐minute walk test) SECONDARY OUTCOME: Fear of Falling Baseline and 8 weeks Falls Efficacy Scale International (FES‐I),Depression Baseline and 8 weeks Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS),Sleep Quality Baseline and 8 weeks Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Inde X(PSQI),Quality of Life Baseline and 8 weeks WHO Quality of Life questionnaire (WHOQOL‐BREF) INCLUSION CRITERIA: 1. Independently living older adults who were medically cleared by a physician, 2.No uncontrolled cardiovascular or neurological disorders, 3.No acute musculoskeletal injuries. 4.Participants who had engaged in regular structured exercise within the previous two months were excluded.