Phthalocyanine-Assembled "One-For-Two" Nanoparticles for Combined Photodynamic-Photothermal Therapy of Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria.

The treatment of diseases caused by drug-resistant bacterial infections urgently requires new types of broad-spectrum antimicrobial materials. Herein, we introduce a supramolecular self-assembly, NanoPcN, which realizes the combination of type I photodynamic activity and photothermal effects by modifying zinc(II) phthalocyanine with a 3-(dimethylamino) phenoxy group. Antibacterial experiments demonstrate that this "one-for-two" property endows NanoPcN with excellent antimicrobial efficacy, not only against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria but also against multidrug-resistant bacteria. An ultralow concentration of NanoPcN (50 nM) almost completely inhibited the growth of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus upon 655 nm laser irradiation (0.5 W/cm2) for 2 min, and the antibacterial effect was significantly stronger than that of the known photosensitizers methylene blue and tetraphenylporphyrin tetrasulfonic acid. Thus, the construction of "one-for-two" materials through a simple molecular structure modification paves a feasible way for the development of effective broad-spectrum antibacterial agents.