Coffee consumption and risk of type 2 diabetes: a systematic review.

CONTEXT: Emerging epidemiological evidence suggests that higher coffee consumption may reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes. OBJECTIVE: To examine the association between habitual coffee consumption and risk of type 2 diabetes and related outcomes. DATA SOURCES AND STUDY SELECTION: We searched MEDLINE through January 2005 and examined the reference lists of the retrieved articles. Because this review focuses on studies of habitual coffee consumption and risk of type 2 diabetes, we excluded studies of type 1 diabetes, animal studies, and studies of short-term exposure to coffee or caffeine, leaving 15 epidemiological studies (cohort or cross-sectional). DATA EXTRACTION: Information on study design, participant characteristics, measurement of coffee consumption and outcomes, adjustment for potential confounders, and estimates of associations was abstracted independently by 2 investigators. DATA SYNTHESIS: We identified 9 cohort studies of coffee consumption and risk of type 2 diabetes, including 193 473 participants and 8394 incident cases of type 2 diabetes, and calculated summary relative risks (RRs) using a random-effects model. The RR of type 2 diabetes was 0.65 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.54-0.78) for the highest (>or=6 or >or=7 cups per day) and 0.72 (95% CI, 0.62-0.83) for the second highest (4-6 cups per day) category of coffee consumption compared with the lowest consumption category (0 or

Epistemonikos ID: c49da8895fa93c04987f029741ff4d3e3f1deb99
First added on: Dec 30, 2013