Metabolite Identification after Polyphenol Ingestion in Adults

INTERVENTION: Twenty subjects were randomized into either the coffee group or the green tea group (10 for each group). They ingested a test beverage including either 390 mg chlorogenic acids for the coffee group or 646 mg catechins for the green tea group per day for 4 weeks. At the time before and after the intervention period, indirect calorimetry was performed, and urine and blood samples were collected before and after ingestion of the test beverage with a cookie meal. Subjects ingested the test (coffee or green tea) and placebo beverages. There was the washout period of two weeks or more between the intervention period of the test and placebo beverages. CONDITION: Urine and blood biomarkers after consumption of dietary polyphenols ; Nutritional, Metabolic, Endocrine PRIMARY OUTCOME: Metabolomic profiles of urine and blood which associate with indirect calorimetry; Timepoints: baseline (before intervention period), after 4‐week intervention period, fasting and postprandial states SECONDARY OUTCOME: Metabolomic profiles of urine and blood which associate with the polyphenol intake; Timepoints: baseline (before intervention period), after 4‐week intervention period, fasting and postprandial states INCLUSION CRITERIA: 1. Healthy volunteers aged 20 to 59 years 2. Male 3. Normal weight or overweight (body mass index 18.5‐29.9 kg/m2)