The effectiveness of Swedish massage with aromatic ginger oil in treating chronic low back pain in older adults.

INTERVENTION: Participant receives a 30‐minute Swedish massage with aromatic ginger oil, twice a week for 5 weeks. CONDITION: Chronic low back pain PRIMARY OUTCOME: Pain intensity using Short Form McGill Pain Questionnaire (SF‐MPQ) SECONDARY OUTCOME: Depression by Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) Functional ability ‐ using the Oswestry Disability Questionnaire (ODQ) Quality of Life by SF‐12 health survey (SF‐12v2) INCLUSION CRITERIA: 1) 60 years and older 2) Able to listen, speak, read and write the Thai language 3) Diagnosed with chronic low back pain (lasting more than 12 weeks) by a medical practitioner 4) New clients or clients who had not received any type of massage 12 weeks before testing.