Effect of Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation on Perioperative Anxiety State in Young and Middle-Aged Patients with Multiple Pulmonary Nodules

INTERVENTION: taVNS group:Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation (taVNS);sham stimulation group:Sham transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (sham taVNS); CONDITION: Multiple pulmonary nodules PRIMARY OUTCOME: Hamilton Anxiety Scale score; SECONDARY OUTCOME: Quality of Recovery‐15 (QoR‐15) scale;Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Inde X(PSQI);Pain Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) score; INCLUSION CRITERIA: 1. Age 18 to 59 years. 2. Patients diagnosed with multiple pulmonary nodules by thoracic surgeons based on chest CT findings, with clear surgical indications and already scheduled for elective surgery. 3. American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status classification I–III. 4. Sufficient cognitive ability to complete anxiety assessment scales and perioperative follow‐up. 5. Voluntary participation and provision of signed informed consent.