Anti-inflammatory and Antioxidant Effects of Kaempferia galanga Extract in Acute Bacterial Rhinosinusitis: In Vivo Study on MDA, NF-kB, and CRP

INTRODUCTION: Acute bacterial rhinosinusitis (ABRS) is an inflammation of the paranasal sinuses caused by bacterial infection, primarily involving inflammatory responses and oxidative stress. While antibiotics are the standard treatment, their effectiveness can sometimes be limited. Kaempferia galanga (K. galanga), a medicinal plant known for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, has shown potential as a therapeutic agent. This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of K. galanga extract in a mouse model of ABRS. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An in vivo experimental study was conducted using Sprague-Dawley rats with induced ABRS. The animals were randomly divided into three treatment groups that received K. galanga extract at doses of 150 mg/kg (KG150), 300 mg/kg (KG300), or 450 mg/kg (KG450) based on body weight. Therapeutic effects were assessed by measuring serum levels of MDA, NF-κB, and CRP. RESULTS: Eighteen rats with ABRS were included in the study. The KG300 group exhibited significantly lower levels of MDA, NF-κB, and CRP compared to the KG150 and KG450 groups (p < 0.05). These findings suggest that the 300 mg/kg dose of K. galanga extract provides optimal therapeutic benefit. CONCLUSION: K. galanga extract at 300 mg/kg demonstrated the most potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects in a mouse model of ABRS, indicating its potential as an effective alternative or adjunctive therapy.