The Effect of Androgen Deprivation Therapy on Gut and Urinary Microbiota in Patients With Prostate Cancer

The incidence of prostate cancer is increasing in Hong Kong, as well as that of recurrent or metastatic prostate cancer. Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is the standard treatment for recurrent or metastatic prostate cancer, with side effects such as obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, osteoporosis and cognitive impairment. With the improvement of treatment, the 5-year survival rate of recurrent and metastatic prostate cancer is up to 20%, and therefore increases the chances of developing such side effects. Due to the introduction of next generation sequencing, investigators have more knowledge of the microbiota in our body, particularly the gut microbiota. Different studies have related gut dysbiosis with obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome. If investigators can show that ADT is leading to gut dysbiosis, this could be a way in preventing or treating the side effects of ADT. This study aims to identify whether ADT in patients with prostate cancer will have different composition in their gut and urine microbiota.