Deep brain stimulation: an update

The application of electrical stimuli in deep brain areas is defined as deep brain stimulation (DBS). DBS can be applied to motor and psychological diseases, reducing or obviating the administration of additional medication. The aim of this paper is to present an update about DBS, based primarily on articles published on the last three years. There were selected articles from the databases Wiley Online Library (3), ScienceDirect (8), SciELO (1), BioMed Central (1), Google Scholar (17) and books (7), totaling 37 references, where, 15 articles were published in 2010 and three published in 2011. Among the main stimulatory parameters employed during the triennium 2009 to 2011 are: amplitude from 1 to 10 V; current from 50 to 300 ?A; frequency from 130 to 185 Hz and pulse active period between 60 and 220 ?s. DBS proves to be a viable resource for treatment of diseases that have movement disorders such as Parkinson?s disease, dystonia and myoclonus. In addition, the DBS is effective for the treatment of psychological/neurological disorders, such as depression, epilepsy, headache, and has a strong research incentive to applications as treatment of drug addicts.