Behavioural management of the triggers of recurrent headache: Avoidance versus coping

INTERVENTION: Intervention 1: Three 30‐minute sessions scheduled for weeks 1, 4 and 8. Advice is given to avoid headache triggers and on how to accomplish avoidance, administered in an individual format by a registered psychologist. Intervention 2: 8 weekly sessions of cognitive behaviour therapy, relaxation techniques and exposure as an opportunity to practice coping skills or when not possible avoidance, administered in an individual format by a registered psychologist. Each session will be 60 minutes in duration. Intervention 3: Eight 60‐minute weekly sessions of cognitive behaviour therapy and relaxation, administered in an individual format by a registered psychologist. CONDITION: Migraines Tension‐type headaches PRIMARY OUTCOME: Self‐monitoring diary of daily headache severity. Self‐monitoring diary of daily headache triggers presence. Self‐monitoring diary of daily medication consumption. SECONDARY OUTCOME: Headache Disability Inventory (HDI). Headache Self‐Efficacy Scale (HSESv2). Headache Triggers Avoidance Questionnaire (HTAQ). Headache‐Specific Locus of Control (HSLC). Personal Wellbeing Index (PWI). Short‐Form Health Survey (SF‐36v2). INCLUSION CRITERIA: INCLUSION CRITERIA: (i) diagnosed as either ‘migraine without aura’, ‘probable migraine without aura’, ‘typical aura with migraine headache’, ‘probable migraine with aura’, ‘chronic migraine’, ‘frequent episodic tension‐type headache’, probable frequent episodic tension‐type headache’, ‘chronic tension‐type headache’, ‘probable ergotamine‐overuse headache’, ‘probable triptan ‐overuse headache’, ‘probable analgesic ‐overuse headache’, ‘probable opioid‐overuse headache’, ‘probable combination analgesic‐overuse headache’, ‘headache probably attributed to overuse of acute medication combinations’, ‘headache probably attributed to other medication overuse‐ Headache Classification Subcommittee of the International Headache Society (IHS), 2005; (ii) minimum of 6 headache days per month; (iii) minimum headache chronicity of 12 months, and pattern of headache symptoms stable over last 6 months.