Study on the Development and Application of a Self-Management Ability Program for Elderly Patients with Chronic Heart Failure and Frailty

INTERVENTION: Control group:Routine Care;Experimental group:Gestalt Theory‐based Frailty Awareness Self‐Management Program; CONDITION: Heart failure PRIMARY OUTCOME: Heart Failure Self‐Management Scale Total Score;Simple Frailty Questionnaire (FRAIL) Score;Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire (MLHFQ) Total Score; SECONDARY OUTCOME: Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7‐item (GAD‐7) Score;Patient Health Questionnaire‐9 (PHQ‐9) Score;6‐Minute Walk Test Distance (6MWD);Readmission rate;Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Inde X(PSQI) Global Score; INCLUSION CRITERIA: 1. The diagnosis has been confirmed by the doctor to meet the criteria for heart failure established in the 2023 ESC Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Acute and Chronic Heart Failure; 2. The cardiac function is classified as I‐III grade by the New York Heart Disease Academy (NYHA) classification system and the condition is stable; 3. Age >= 60 years old; 4. Informed consent; 5. Able to understand the survey content and have certain communication skills; 6. Has a stable living environment, facilitating long‐term follow‐up; 7. No major psychological disorder history, able to understand and follow the research requirements; 8. Has not participated in similar studies or other clinical trials; 9. Diagnosed with a frailty state based on the assessment.