Effect of Postoperative 660 nm Low-Level Laser Therapy on the Radiographic Crestal Bone Loss of Fresh Socket Implants

INTERVENTION: Intervention 1: Intervention group: After selection of the patients based on eligibility criteria, local anesthesia was performed by injecting 2% lidocaine (with adrenaline 1/80000). After cutting the crestal and removing the mucoperiosteal flap and extracting the tooth without trauma, preparation of bone ‐level implant recipient was done under cooling with physiological serum solution, in terms of the manufacturer's protocol (Dio, Seoul, Korea). For all implants, a speed of 15rpm with a torque of 35‐40 Ncm was used. Diameter of the implants was chosen so that, at least 1 mm of bone remained on both buccal and palatal sides after implant placement. For vertical positioning, the implant should also be positioned in the same level of buccal bone crest. After implantation, the implant was implanted with the surrounding mucosa and the area was sutured, and the sutures were removed by passing 7 days from surgery. After the surgery, all the patients received amoxicillin (1.5 g) or clindamycin (1.8 g) daily for 3 days as well as non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drug for pain relief and mouthwash. The patients were also received advice regarding oral hygiene. No temporary dentures were placed during the 4‐month follow‐up.A low‐level 660 nm diode laser illuminated to surrounding tissues of the implant along its longitudinal axis was applied in this study. Low‐Level Laser Treatment (LLLT) was started immediately after the surgery and was repeated three times per week for 2 weeks. Total radiation dose per treatment for each implant unit was 6.26 J / cm². Output power was checked before working with the power meter. Intervention 2: Control group: After selection of the patients based on eligibility criteria, local anesthesia was performed by injecting 2% lidocaine (with adrenaline 1/80000). After cutting the crestal and removing the mucoperiosteal flap and extracting the tooth without trauma, preparation of bone ‐level implant recipient was done under cooling with physiological CONDITION: Crestal Bone Loss. PRIMARY OUTCOME: Crestal Bone Loss. Timepoint: immediately after the surgery and also by passing 4 months from that. Method of measurement: Bone quantification at the implant site was assessed using periapical intraoral radiograph and computerized software. INCLUSION CRITERIA: Individuals referred to the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran, were treated with tooth extraction and implant placement. patients without inflammation or gingivitis. Healthy adults who are at least 18 years old. Sufficient bone density to receive the implant without the need for bone augmentation. no history of tooth extraction within selected 6 months. Having at least 6 mm bucco‐lingual ridge width at the site of implant placement for inserting an implant at least 4 mm in diameter in ideal position.