Application of Tegileridine in patient controlled intravenous analgesia in thoracic surgery patients at high risk for postoperative nausea and vomiting

INTERVENTION: Control group (S group): Sufentanil loading dose of 0.2 ug/kg administered 30 minutes before the end of surgery. PCIA setting: Sufentanil 2 ug/kg + normal saline = 100 ml, drug concentration 0.02 ug/kg/ml, PCIA dose 0.5 ml (0.01 ug/kg), lockout interval 15 min, background infusion rate 2 ml/h (0.04 ug/kg/h);Trial group (T group):Telitrigintan loading dose of 1 mg administered 30 minutes before the end of surgery, given as 5 mL volume via slow infusion over 10 minutes. PCIA setting: Telitrigintan 5 mg + normal saline = 100 ml, drug concentration 0.05 mg/ml, PCIA dose 1 ml (0.05 mg), lockout interval 10 min, background infusion rate for T1 group 1 ml/h (0.05 mg/h);Trial group (T2 group):Telitrigintan loading dose of 1 mg administered 30 minutes before the end of surgery, given as 5 mL volume via slow infusion over 10 minutes. PCIA setting: Telitrigintan 5 mg + normal saline = 100 ml, drug concentration 0.05 mg/ml, PCIA dose 1 ml (0.05 mg), lockout interval 10 min, background infusion rate for T2 group 2 ml/h (0.1 mg/h); CONDITION: Pain, postoperative nausea and vomiting PRIMARY OUTCOME: Incidence and severity of PONV at different postoperative time points;NRS scores at rest and during activity at different postoperative time points; SECONDARY OUTCOME: Immediately after surgery, within 30 min after surgery, within 24 h after surgery, within 48 h after surgery;Postoperative recovery indicators and patient satisfaction;Use of remedial analgesic drugs and cumulative consumption of analgesic drugs;Remedial antiemetic use;Incidence of unplanned discontinuation of PCIA within 48h after surgery; INCLUSION CRITERIA: 1. It is planned to perform a single‐port thoracoscopic surgery under elective general anesthesia; 2. Apfel score >=3 points (female, non‐smoking, previous history of PONV or motion sickness, expected to use opioid drugs after surgery); 3. Age: 18 to 65 years old, ASA grade I to III.