Development and Empirical Study of a Swallowing Rehabilitation Program for Patients with Oral Cancer Based on Timing Theory

INTERVENTION: Control group:The control group received a standard rehabilitation care protocol, which included empty swallowing exercises and laryngeal elevation training (5-8 repetitions per movement, performed in 2 sets daily), oral motor training (including jaw, lip and cheek, and tongue movements, 10-20 repetitions per movement, 2 sets daily), coughing exercises (10-20 repetitions, 2 sets daily), as well as comprehensive oral care, psychological support, pain management, wound care, and dietary guidance. A follow-up session was conducted 4 weeks after discharge, lasting 10 to 15 minutes, to evaluate the patient’s swallowing function and make necessary adjustments to the rehabilitation plan. ;Experimental group:(1) Diagnostic Phase (from diagnosis to admission to the pre-admission preparation center): Information: Provide education on etiology, high-risk factors, clinical manifestations, treatment plans, and associated costs. Explain the importance of oral preparation, assist in selecting appropriate mouthwash, and offer strategies for oral hygiene. Skills: Support patients in completing preoperative examinations and preparations, assess swallowing function, and implement breathing-swallow coordination training. Emotional: Establish a positive nurse-patient relationship to facilitate effective communication, alleviate emotional distress, introduce the healthcare team, and enhance the patient’s sense of belonging. Delivery methods include a self-developed WeChat Mini Program (Kangtu Guard-Easy Swallow) and printed educational materials. (2) Perioperative Phase (from hospital admission to 2 weeks post-surgery): Information: Educate on postoperative complications related to oral cancer and their management, including nutritional support, flap monitoring, positioning, oral, CONDITION: Dysphagia in Patients with Oral Cancer, PRIMARY OUTCOME: The Functional Oral Intake Scale,FOIS;Swallowing-related Quality of Life,SWAL-QOL;, SECONDARY OUTCOME: Body Mass Inde X(BMI),;Duration of Nasogastric Tube Retention;, INCLUSION CRITERIA: 1 Age between 18 and 60 years; 2 Meet the diagnostic criteria for oral cancer; 3 Exhibit swallowing dysfunction, as assessed by a score of Level 3 or higher on the Wada Drinking Water Test combined with the Eating Assessment Tool-10 (EAT-10); 4 Possess clear consciousness, be capable of understanding and cooperating in the completion of swallowing rehabilitation; 5 Family members or caregivers have normal cognitive function and comprehension ability, are proficient in reading and writing Chinese, and are able to communicate via WeChat software; 6 The patient and their family members have provided informed consent and voluntarily agree to participate in this study.