Exercise, immunity and vaccination in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

2-oxopyrollidine acetamide (piracetam) is said to protect the cerebral cortex against hypoxia. Since surgery is believed to aggravate cerebral hypoxia and the consequent neurological dysfunction, patients undergoing surgery for brain tumours or ruptured cerebral aneurysms were studied. A random, non-stratified study of 100 patients showed that a significantly higher percentage of patients receiving piracetam attain or maintain a normal or near-normal level of consciousness postoperatively than those receiving a placebo. No side-effects or interaction of piracetam with other medications were noted.