Dentin Remineralization using a Composite containing Calcium and Phosphate associated to a mineral precursor

INTERVENTION: This is a four‐arm randomized clinical trial, employing a double‐blind approach for both the patient and the evaluator. A total of 120 primary molars meeting the inclusion criteria will undergo restoration. Following the selective removal of decayed tissue, the intervention groups (n=30 per group) will be randomized through a randomized envelope drawing. The cavities will be cleaned and restored in a single session, utilizing one of the four specified treatments within the intervention groups: (1) deionized water + conventional composite, (2) PILP solution + conventional composite, (3) deionized water + composite containing DCPD particles, or (4) PILP solution + composite containing DCPD particles. The treatment process will be carried out to ensure that patients remain unaware of the specific restorative procedure they have received. Likewise, the evaluator responsible for assessing the restorations and for conducting the laboratorial analyses will remain blind to the specific materials used in each tooth. The intervention will be completed in a single session, with subsequent monthly follow‐up evaluations continuing until the exfoliation of the primary tooth. CONDITION: C07.793.720 Dental Caries PRIMARY OUTCOME: It is expected that there will be higher values of dentine remineralization for teeth restored using the PILP solution and a resin containing DCPD, which will be determined by employing the modulus of elasticity and nanohardness on dentin, with a variance of at least 10% to the control group. SECONDARY OUTCOME: The aim is to identify an improved quality of dental remineralization, which will be assessed qualitatively through transmission electron microscopy. INCLUSION CRITERIA: Children aged between si Xand nine years; both sexes; good general health; presence of at least one active carious lesion on the occlusal surface of the primary molar classified as International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS) 5 or 6 scores; final stages of their physiological root resorption with permanent tooth sucessor presenting 2/3 of the formed root