Temporal Interference Stimulation Combined With Tai Chi for Mild Cognitive Impairment

This is a randomized, quadruple‐blind, sham‐controlled, parallel‐group trial involvingapproximately 120 individuals aged 60‐80 years with mild cognitive impairment.Participants will be randomly assigned to receive either active or sham individualizedtranscranial temporal interference stimulation (tTIS) combined with Tai Chi training for8 weeks, three sessions per week. Individualized tTIS will target the left hippocampusbased on participant‐specific T1‐weighted MRI and finite element modeling, using a 5‐Hzinterference frequency generated by 2000‐ and 2005‐Hz carrier frequencies at an intensityof 2 mA for 20 minutes per session; each Tai Chi session will last approximately 60minutes. Global cognition, episodic memory, neuropsychiatric symptoms, functional status,and health‐related quality of life will be assessed at baseline, after the 8‐weekintervention, and at a 16‐week post‐intervention follow‐up. Working memory and executivecontrol, dual‐task performance, and neuroimaging outcomes will be assessed at baselineand after the 8‐week intervention, with safety, tolerability, and blinding effectivenessmonitored throughout the study.