Towards Noninvasive DBS of the Basal Ganglia in Parkinson's Disease Using TUS

Transcranial Ultrasound Stimulation (TUS) is an emerging non-invasive brain stimulation technique capable of targeting both superficial and deep brain areas with high spatial resolution, down to a few cubic millimeters. In this study, the investigators aim to use TUS to non-invasively modulate the globus pallidus internus (GPi) in patients with Parkinson\'s disease (PD) and dystonia. These patients have previously been implanted with deep brain stimulation (DBS) leads. The investigators plan to simultaneously record local field potentials (LFPs) from the DBS leads using the Percept PC device (Medtronic Inc.) while the DBS is turned off. The study\'s goal is to investigate the mechanism of action of TUS and its neuromodulatory effects on LFPs recorded from the GPi. This will enable us to compare the effects of TUS with those of DBS.