Nonpharmacologic Interventions for Treatment-Resistant Depression in Adults

In response to a request from the public, a systematic review of 63 clinical studies published between January 1980 and November 2010 examined the comparative effectiveness, benefits, and adverse effects of nonpharmacologic interventions for treatment-resistant depression (TRD) in adults. The full report, listing all studies, is available at www.effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/trd.cfm. This summary, based on the full report of research evidence, is provided to inform discussions of options with patients and to assist in decisionmaking along with consideration of a patient's values and preferences. However, reviews of evidence should not be construed to represent clinical recommendations or guidelines.