Teaching surgical residents about non-technical skills

INTERVENTION: Study group: 12 surgical residents in the first postgraduate year (PGY1), that will receive CRM‐training through the curriculum. Control group: 12 surgical residents (PGY1) that will receive conventional residency training. Comparison group: 12 senior surgical residents (PGY5) be evaluated regarding non‐technical skills acquired "naturally", i.e. without structured CRM‐training, during 5 years of conventional residency training. CONDITION: Surgical education; non‐technical skills and teamwork training in surgery ; Not Applicable PRIMARY OUTCOME: Performance in standardized, simulated crisis scenarios with regard to non‐technical skills [Oxford Non‐technical skills (NOTECHS) and Non‐Technical Skills for Surgeons (NOTSS) rating scales] SECONDARY OUTCOME: 1. Change in attitudes towards safety and non‐technical skills and CRM‐training; 2. Performance in a knowledge test of non‐technical skills, human error and ‐limitations INCLUSION CRITERIA: All surgical residents in the University of Toronto residency program that begin PGY1 training in July 2012 and have given written informed consent to participate in the study