Metabolic polymorphisms and clinical and laboratory changes related to exposure to benzene in city gas station workers in Rio de Janeiro

Exposure to benzene, especially in developing countries like Brazil, continues to represent a serious Public Health problem despite limiting exposure measures used inrecent decades. The gas station workers represent a category that has been continuously exposed to substances present in gasoline, especially benzene, which can cause a number of signs and symptoms which characterize the benzene poisoning. The diagnosis of benzene poisoning is epidemiological and clinical, based on the search for clinical findings, mainly hematologic. This study evaluated clinical alterations related to benzene poisoning and six polymorphisms of benzene metabolism genes in gas station workers in the city of Rio de Janeiro. (...) metabolic polymorphisms of benzene were analyzed in this study. The population was categorized into two groups according to the presence of clinical changes, hematological signs mainly. Most workers presented clinical findings, 63.2 percent. These workers showed a decrease in blood cells count, with a significant difference to the values of neutrophils and Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) (indicative of macrocytosis). This group showed a higher frequency of symptoms such as headache, repeated infections, muscle cramps, tingling, drowsiness, dizziness and weight loss, although not all with significant differences. (...) A genotypes. Moreover, an association was found between alterations related to benzene poisoning and GSTM1 null and the highest number of alleles related to risk. Further studies of larger samples are needed to confirm these findings. Variations in benzene metabolizing genes may modify benzene toxicity and should be taken into consideration during risk assessment evaluations.