Phosphorylation of ERK1/2 in Patients With Parkinson's Disease

Levodopa-induced dyskinesia severely limits the use of levodopa in Parkinson\'s disease and constitutes a debilitating complication of dopaminergic treatment in late stage. Among several neurobiological mechanisms identified so far, the investigators have established in experimental models the key role of D1 receptor hypersensitivity and a\"Ras-ERK\" signalling pathway. As the very same dopamine receptor machinery and the Ras-ERK pathway are present in blood lymphocytes, the investigators wish to test the hypothesis that the level of ERK phosphorylation in lymphocytes is a biomarker of levodopa-induced dyskinesia in Parkinson\'s Disease. The study will be performed in dyskinetic levodopa-treated patients and non-Parkinson\'s Disease controls. Blood sampling \"off\" and \"on\" levodopa treatment (1 hour post-dose), as well as clinical data collection will be done during a scheduled pre-op work-up (deep brain stimulation). Subsequently, suspended lymphocytes from blood samples will be immunolabelled using an anti-pERK antibody and mean fluorescence intensity and percent of labelled lymphocytes will be assessed by flow cytometry. Additionally, plasma and urine samples will be collected \"on\" et \"off\" for dosage of dopamine. The motor effect of levodopa will be assessed through UPRSIII rating scale and eye movement (saccades) speed by non-invasive oculometric recordings.