Probiotic Supplementation in the Term Newborns Delivered by Caesarean Section

The aim of the study was to assess the effect of the probiotic supplementation on microbiota composition of the gut in healthy newborns delivered by CS. We studied colonization of GI tract on the day of discharge from hospital and after a month of life. It was a prospective, randomized trial with the control group, conducted in the Neonatal Clinic of the Jagiellonian University Hospital in Kraków, lasting from April 2014 to April 2017. The patients we recruited were randomized into 2 groups‐ interventional or control group. In the interventional group we supplemented the probiotic containing Bifidobacterium breve PB04 i Lactobacillus rhamnosus KL53A (FFBaby, IBSS BioMed SA, Poland) orally during the first hour of life and after 12 hours in mother's milk or formula (the total amount of the probiotic was 2 x 10 6 CFU bacteria). The permission for the clinical trial was granted by the regional medical Bioethical Committee of the Jagiellonian University. (The number of decision‐ KBET/46/B/2014 from the 27th of March 2014)