The effect of cold water immersion, massage and their combination on muscle soreness symptoms in amateur athletes

INTERVENTION: Male amateur athletes will randomly be assigned by computer, to four equal groups (three intervention and one control) The interventions consist of athletic massage, cold water immersion and the combination of these two. All subjects perform a plyometric exercise consisted of consecutive drop jumps (5 sets of 20 drop jumps) according to the protocol of Nosaka and Miyama (2004), aiming at producing delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS). The examination and evaluation of DOMS will be based on acceptable markers such as exercise intensity (BORG) and muscle pain (VAS), upper thigh (CUT) and medial circumference (CMT), femoral rectal perimeter, with (PFRC) ) and without (PFR) contraction, knee flexion range of motion (ROM), maximal quadriceps isometric (MQI) and serum creatine phosphokinase (CPK) levels.The control of the above parameters will be assessed in 5 conditions (at baseline, immediately after plyometric exercise, 24, 48 and 72 hours after the exercise). Control in blood serum was performed before exercise and then 24, 48, 72 hours after it. ?mmersion in ice water: Athletes will be immersed in a container with ice water 10 ± 1oC for 10 minutes. The water level will reach up to the anterior superior iliac spine (Ascensao et al, 2011; Goodall and Howatson, 2008; Sellwood, 2007). The water temperature will be controlled with a liquid thermometer. Sports massage: Applying aggressive massage to athletes for 20 minutes, 10 minutes for each lower limb. The massage process will initially be 1 minute of gentle massage on the entire quadriceps and then application of athletic aggressive massage for 1 minute on the vastus lateralis, 1 minute on the right femur and 1 minute on the vastus medial CONDITION: Delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) ; Musculoskeletal Diseases PRIMARY OUTCOME: ; The examination and evaluation of DOMS will be based on:; 1. Exercise intensity (BORG); 2. Muscle pain (VAS); 3. Upper thigh (CUT) and medial circumference (CMT); 4. Femoral rectal perimeter, with (PFRC) and without (PFR) contraction; 5. Knee flexion range of motion (ROM); 6. Maximal quadriceps isometric (MQI); 7. Serum creatine phosphokinase (CPK) levels; Assessed in 5 conditions (at baseline, immediately after plyometric exercise, 24, 48 and 72 hours after the exercise). Control in blood serum was performed before exercise and then 24, 48, 72 hours after it.; INCLUSION CRITERIA: 1. Healthy college athletes 2. Participating in amateur sports 3. No injury at the lower extremities the last 6 months