A randomized phase II study of hand-assisted laparoscopic versus laparoscopic-assisted gastric mobilization for patients with curative surgery for thoracic esophageal cancer

INTERVENTION: Hand‐assisted laparoscopic gastric mobilization for patients with curative surgery for thoracic esophageal cancer Laparoscopic‐assisted gastric mobilization for patients with curative surgery for thoracic esophageal cancer CONDITION: Esophageal cancer PRIMARY OUTCOME: Reconstructed gastric tube‐related complication using Clavien‐Dindo grading system SECONDARY OUTCOME: 1) All complication using Clavien‐Dindo grading system, 2) Operative time, 3) Estimated blood loss, 4) Conversion of operative procedure, 5) Adverse event of surgery, 6) QOL score, 7) Number of dissected abdominal lymph nodes, 8) Overall survival time. INCLUSION CRITERIA: 1) Primary lesions are all confined within the thoracic esophagus, 2) an esophageal epithelial malignancy, 3) cT1‐3, cN0‐3 (exclude celiac lymph nodes) and cM0, 4) Surgery approached from the neck, chest and abdomen, 5) R0 resection with radical dissection, 6) Reconstruction by gastric tube, 7) >20 and <80 y.o., 8) ECOG‐PS 0 or 1, 9) No history of surgery for esophageal cancer, 10) No history of chemotherapy or radiotherapy, 11) No history of surgery to upper abdomen, 12) a) WBC >2000 and <10000/mm3, b) PLT >50000/mm3, c) Hb >10.0 g/dl, d) AST <100 IU/L, ALT <100IU/L, e) T‐Bil <2.0 g/dl, f) Cre <1.5mg/dl, 13) Written consent