Comparing the Impact of Peer Support vs. Staff-Delivered Transportation Interventions for Young Adults With Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities

This clinical trial has 2 aims.Aim 1. Compare the effectiveness of peer support (R2R‐PS) or staff delivered (R2R‐S)Ready to Ride (R2R) travel intervention on loneliness, satisfaction with socialactivities, and travel skills (primary outcomes), and service use/access, transportationuse, employment, social connectedness, and health related quality of life (secondaryoutcomes) for YA with IDD.Hypothesis 1.1: YA receiving R2R‐PS will report significantly higher satisfaction withsocial activities, increased social connectedness, and significantly less lonelinesscompared to YA receiving R2R‐S.Hypothesis 1.2: The travel skills demonstrated by YA receiving R2R‐PS will be no worsethan travel skills demonstrated by YA receiving R2R‐S. We use a non‐inferiority approachin response to community service organizations' request for evidence that peer supportdelivery does not lead to poor outcomes.Hypothesis 1.3: YA receiving R2R‐PS will demonstrate significantly greater improvementsin service use/access, transportation use, employment, and health related quality of life4 months post intervention compared to YA receiving R2R‐S.Aim 2: Evaluate heterogeneity of treatment response by assessing differences in R2Routcomes across characteristics of groups (race and ethnicity, anxiety, adaptivebehavior) and context (transportation availability).Hypothesis 2.1. There will be no difference in treatment effect for YA who identify aswhite, non‐Hispanic and those identifying as Black, Hispanic, Asian, or otherrace/ethnicity.Hypothesis 2.2. There will be greater gains for YA with lower levels of adaptive behaviorcompleting R2R, based on past research that identified that participants withintellectual disabilities (ID) with lower levels of adaptive behaviors demonstratedgreater improvements in transportation skills than those with a developmental disabilitybut without an ID after receiving the R2R intervention.37 Hypothesis 2.3. There will beno difference in primary outcomes for YA living in areas with less transportationavailability, given R2R's individualized travel training approach.Hypothesis 2.4. There will be greater gains for YA in transportation outcomes who reportlower levels of anxiety, given that anxiety in linked with reduced transportation use.