Comparison of two modalities of aerobic training on health-parameters in adolescent obese

INTERVENTION: At the start of the study, the cutaneous microvascular function of all participants are assessed. Obese adolescents also undergo body composition, metabolic profile and aerobic fitness assessments. They then undergo a 3‐months weight loss program consisting of diet and exercise training managed by a single‐pediatric weight center. They are randomly allocated into one of 2 groups of exercise training: either high‐intensity interval training (HIIT) or moderate continuous training (MCT) . They all receive an identical moderately hypocaloric diet with a daily energy deficit of 500 kcal. Only the exercise training program differ in both groups. Exercise training program consists of 3 supervised sessions per week during 3 months. MCT consists of 40 to 60 min at 60‐70% of maximal heart rate and HIIT program consists of (4 to 6) x (2 min to 2 min 30s) periods at 90‐95% of HRmax interspersed by 1 min 30s period at 55% of HRmax. They undergo the same assessments at the start of the study at the end of the three month intervention period. CONDITION: Obesity ; Nutritional, Metabolic, Endocrine PRIMARY OUTCOME: Cutaneous blood flux (CBF) was determined by means of laser Doppler flowmetry (Periflux PF 5000, Perimed, Stockholm, Sweden) equipped with a thermostatic LDF probe (PF 481, Perimed, Stockholm, Sweden), on the volar surface of the right forearm. Assessed at baseline in obese adolescents and controls, and after 3 months of intervention only in obese adolescents. SECONDARY OUTCOME: 1. Body composition, assessed only in obese adolescents at inclusion and after 3 months of intervention; 2. Aerobic fitness (including the 20‐meter shuttle run test), assessed only in obese adolescents at inclusion and after 3 months of intervention; 3. Weight and height measurements were performed and body mass index (BMI) was calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in squared meters (kg.m‐2), at baseline and after 3 months of intervention; 4. Body fat mass, abdominal and gluteal fat masses and lean body mass, assessed in only obese adolescents using dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry (DEXA), (QDR 2000 – Discovery, Hologic, Bedford, MA), at baseline and after 3 months of intervention; 4. Plasma glucose, plasma insulin and lipid profile were assessed only in obese adolescents using fasting blood samples, at baseline and after 3 months of intervention INCLUSION CRITERIA: 1. Obese adolescents, male or female, aged 12‐16 years, non‐smokers, not taking any medications and without known cardiovascular or metabolic disease 2. Healthy normal‐weight pubertal stage‐matched adolescents