Study on the Effect of a Novel Long-Acting Local Anesthetic on the Quality of Recovery in Patients Undergoing Minimally Invasive Surgery for Renal Cancer

INTERVENTION: Liposomal bupivacaine group (LB group):Liposomal bupivacaine thoracic paravertebral nerve block;Ropivacaine group (RO group):Ropivacaine thoracic paravertebral nerve block; CONDITION: Patients with malignant renal tumors (renal cell carcinoma) scheduled for elective unilateral laparoscopic nephrectomy (including partial or radical nephrectomy); postoperative management primarily targets acute perioperative pain, such as somatic pain at the surgical incision, deep visceral pain caused by retroperitoneal diaphragmatic traction, and associated referred shoulder pain. PRIMARY OUTCOME: Quality of recovery score at 24 hours postoperatively (total QoR‐15 score); SECONDARY OUTCOME: Patient satisfaction with postoperative analgesia at 48 hours;Quality of Recovery‐15 (QoR‐15) score at 48 and 72 hours postoperatively;Incidence of postoperative adverse events within 72 hours;Cumulative opioid consumption at 24 and 48 hours postoperatively;Postoperative functional recovery parameters (time to first ambulation, time to first flatus, and length of postoperative hospital stay);Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) pain scores at rest and during coughing at 1, 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 hours postoperatively;Patient‐controlled analgesia requirements and rescue analgesic use within 72 hours after surgery; INCLUSION CRITERIA: 1.Aged 40–75 years; gender unrestricted. 2.ASA physical status classification I–III; 3.Planned procedure: Unilateral laparoscopic nephrectomy (including LPN/LRN) under elective general anesthesia. 4.BMI 20–28.0 kg/m²; 5.Possess normal communication skills and the ability to understand and complete the VAS and QoR‐15 scale assessments. 6.Voluntarily participate in the study and sign a written informed consent form.