Delites™ supplementation prevents metabolic syndrome onset and modulates gut microbiome in male Sprague Dawley rats fed on cholesterol- and fat-enriched diet: a randomized preclinical trial study

Background Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a global health concern, characterized by a combination of dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, obesity, and hypertension, significantly increasing the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular diseases. Gut microbiota plays a pivotal role in MetS pathophysiology, with dysbiosis exacerbating metabolic impairments. Delites (TM), a supplement inspired by Traditional Chinese Medicine, has shown potential in modulating gut microbiota and mitigating MetS.Objectives This study aimed to evaluate the effects of Delites (TM) supplementation on metabolic health and gut microbiota composition in male Sprague Dawley rats fed a cholesterol- and fat-enriched diet (CFED).Methods A randomized preclinical trial was conducted on 32 rats divided into four groups: control-normal, CFED, CFED+low-dose Delites (TM) (54 mg/kg), and CFED+high-dose Delites (TM) (108 mg/kg). Parameters including lipid profiles, enzymatic activity, molecular biomarkers, and gut microbiota composition were analyzed.Results Delites (TM) significantly improved lipid profiles, reduced inflammation (TNF-alpha), enhanced anti-inflammatory markers (IL-10), and increased energy metabolism regulator PGC-1 alpha. Gut microbiota modulation showed increased beneficial genera (Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus) and reduced pathogenic Proteus, improving microbial diversity.Conclusion Delites (TM) supplementation effectively mitigates MetS through metabolic and microbiota modulation. These findings highlight its potential for precision medicine approaches to combat metabolic disorders. Further research is needed to explore its long-term effects and translational relevance in humans.