Free-range reindeer consumption improves protein metabolism in humans

INTERVENTION: The acute response to ingestion of 2 oz of free‐range reindeer meat compared to 2 oz of commercial beef was evaluated using a randomized, crossover experimental design and stable isotope methodology in healthy male and female participants. Participants ingested reindeer or commercial beef in conjunction with isotopic tracer infusions of phenylalanine and tyrosine. Whole‐body protein synthesis, protein breakdown and net protein balance were determined using the isotopic enrichments of phenylalanine and tyrosine as measured by gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry. Amino acid concentrations were measured by liquid chromatography‐electrospray ionization‐mass spectrometry. CONDITION: Healthy Individuals ; Not Applicable PRIMARY OUTCOME: Whole‐body protein synthesis, protein breakdown and protein balance measured using the isotopic enrichments of phenylalanine and tyrosine as measured by gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry over a seven‐hour period SECONDARY OUTCOME: Plasma essential amino acids concentration measured using by liquid chromatography‐electrospray ionization‐mass spectrometry over a seven‐hour period INCLUSION CRITERIA: 1. Aged 20 ‐ 70 years 2. BMI range of 20‐38 kg/m²