Assessment of cardiovascular responsiveness through variation in pulse with different fluids in an experimental model of acute normovolemic hemodilution

BACKGROUND: Pulse pressure variation (PPV), have been shown to be useful tools to indicate fluid responsiveness in clinical and experimental studies. However, this parameter has not been adequately explored in situations of acute variation of blood viscosity, as happens in acute normovolemic hemodilution (ANH). The purpose of this research was to compare the behavior of PPV in a porcine model of ANH replaced with either normal saline or starch. METHODS: Twenty one pigs 32Kg were anesthetized and randomly allocated in three groups: HES, blood removal was replaced with 6% hydroxyethyl starch; NS, normal saline was utilized as fluid replacement, and CONTROL, animals remained anesthetized without any intervention. Hemodynamic parameters were measured at baseline (T0), middle of ANH (T1), immediately after ANH (T2), 1h and 2h after ANH (T3 and T4 respectively), and immediately and 1h after blood re-infusion (T5,T6). Data were submitted to analysis of variance for repeated measures followed by Tukey test or Friedman test followed by Mann-Whitney test when appropriate. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: After ANH, dynamic parameters of fluid responsiveness, herein represented by PPV, presented different response when animals were treated with either starch (6,1 ± 2,2) or saline (14,1 ± 3,4). Besides, static parameters: pulmonary artery wedge pressure (HES 11 ± 3; 8 ± 3) and central venous pressure (HES 8 ± 2; NS 7 ± 4) presented contradictory values when compared to PPV. CONCLUSION: During ANH process colloids restored PPV values to baseline when compared o to normal saline, probably due to a difference in half-lives of HES and normal saline in the intravascular space.