Benmelstobart Plus Anlotinib Versus Sunitinib as First-Line Treatment for Advanced Non-Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma

This study will compare benmelstobart plus anlotinib with sunitinib as the first treatment for adults with advanced non-clear cell renal cell carcinoma, a type of kidney cancer. Eligible participants have cancer that cannot be removed surgically, has returned locally, or has spread to other parts of the body. Patients with chromophobe, collecting duct, or renal medullary carcinoma are not eligible. Benmelstobart is an immunotherapy that blocks PD-L1, a protein involved in suppressing the immune response to cancer. Anlotinib and sunitinib are targeted medicines that inhibit signals involved in tumor growth and blood vessel formation. The study plans to enroll 126 participants at multiple centers. Participants will be randomly assigned in a 2:1 ratio to receive either benmelstobart plus anlotinib or sunitinib. Participants and study doctors will know which treatment is assigned. The main purpose is to compare how long participants live without their cancer getting worse. The study will also assess tumor response, overall survival, side effects, and quality of life.