Efficacy and Safety of Rituximab Versus Mycophenolate Mofetil in Children With Steroid-dependent Nephrotic Syndrome

Idiopathic nephrotic syndrome（INS） is the most common glomerular disease in childhood. Currently, steroids are the primary treatment, but there are significant steroid‐related toxicity, such as growth disorders, behavior changes, obesity, Cushing's syndrome, eye disease, osteoporosis, etc. Both MMF and RTX have been shown to be effective in the treatment of SDNS, and there is a lack of prospective controlled studies to explore the optimal treatment regimen for low‐dose SDNS. Therefore, the investigators will conduct a single‐center, randomized controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of twice‐daily rituximab(RTX) versus mycophenolate mofetil(MMF) in the treatment of children with low‐dose steroid‐dependent nephrotic syndrome(SDNS). After the start of the study, all participants will be screened consecutively and eligible participants will be included in the study. Bias of potential influencing factors will be addressed by inclusion as covariates in the statistical analysis. Independent clinical site monitoring to ensure the safety and integrity of clinical data while patients adhere to the study protocol will focus on source data documentation, strict adherence to data correctness and study procedures, such as randomization and treatment.