A pilot study: a randomised controlled trial investigating the effect of therapeutic ultrasound and exercise on active digital flexion following phalangeal fractures

INTERVENTION: Therapeutic ultrasound and standard hand therapy programme of care (including exercise, oedema control, splints and advice) versus placebo ultrasound and standard hand therapy programme of care. CONDITION: Proximal and middle phalangeal fractures in digits 2‐5 ; Injury, Occupational Diseases, Poisoning ; Fracture at wrist and hand level PRIMARY OUTCOME: Active digital flexion of metacarpophalangeal (MCP), interphalangeal (PIP) and distal interphalangeal (DIP) joints of the affected and contralateral finger. SECONDARY OUTCOME: Pain score and a measure of flexor tendon glide of affected and contralateral finger. INCLUSION CRITERIA: 1. Closed, extra‐articular, proximal or middle phalangeal fractures involving digits 2‐5 2. Immobilization with a zimmer splint for 14‐21 days 3. Able to attend twice‐weekly therapy for six weeks 4. Over 18 years of age